@article{oai:kyoei.repo.nii.ac.jp:00000624,
 author = {スティーブン, ロイド and Steven, Lloyd},
 issue = {19},
 journal = {共栄大学研究論集, The Journal of Kyoei University},
 month = {Mar},
 note = {Readability formulas are extremely useful for assessing the difficulty of texts for long-form exam questions.
However, most are aimed at L1 readers and do not specifi cally examine the text from an L2 viewpoint. The CEFR
project of the Council of Europe has gone a long way to redressing this problem. This paper looks at a range of the
different formulas and vocabulary lists, and adds a further list, the level at which the vocabulary is introduced to
Japanese school students. The paper outlines the construction of a spreadsheet to apply this list plus other lists and
formulas to texts. The results are then compared with those provided by online readability formulas.},
 pages = {27--38},
 title = {Understanding Readability Applying readability measures to long-form exam questions},
 year = {2021}
}